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目的观察家庭训练对孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿的干预效果。方法选取2014年1月—2016年12月治疗的ASD患者126例,根据家长意愿分为两组,观察组95例,对照组31例。对照组采用半日制综合训练,观察组在此基础上进行家长培训班指导下的半天家庭训练。6个月为1疗程,观察组共治疗2个疗程,对照组治疗1个疗程。分别于治疗前及第1、2个疗程后采用自闭症儿童心理教育评核表第3版(psychoeducational profile third edition,PEP-3)进行评估。计量资料比较采用t检验或重复测量方差分析,治疗前后差值比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果治疗1疗程后两组PEP-3评分较治疗前升高,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组1疗程后与治疗前PEP-3评分差值高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2个疗程,观察组PEP-3评分较治疗前、治疗1疗程升高,比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论半日制综合训练结合家长培训班指导下的家庭训练较单一的综合训练效果好,值得推广。
Objective To observe the intervention effect of family training on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods 126 patients with ASD treated from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into two groups according to the wishes of their parents: 95 cases in the observation group and 31 cases in the control group. The control group used semi-day comprehensive training, and the observation group conducted half-day family training under the guidance of parent training. 6 months for a course of treatment, the observation group a total of two courses of treatment, control group for a course of treatment. The psychoeducational profile third edition (PEP-3) of children with autism was evaluated before treatment and after the first and second courses respectively. Measurement data were compared using t-test or repeated measures analysis of variance, the difference between before and after treatment using Mann-Whitney U test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results After 1 course of treatment, the PEP-3 scores of two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P <0.05), and the observation group was higher than the control group (P <0.05). The differences of PEP-3 scores between the observation group and the control group after one course of treatment were statistically significant (P <0.05). Treatment 2 courses, the observation group PEP-3 score than before treatment, treatment 1 course of treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The family training under the guidance of the parent training class is better than the single comprehensive training in the semi-day comprehensive training and the parental training class, which is worthy of promotion.