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目的分析安康市2005-2015年流行性腮腺炎的流行特征,为制定流行性腮腺炎防控策略提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对安康市2005-2015年网络直报系统中流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行分析。结果安康市2005-2015年共报告流行性腮腺炎病例13 166例,年平均发病率44.78/10万。季节分布呈现双峰特点,每年主高峰在4~7月,次高峰在11~12月。病例主要集中在5~14岁组,共9 795例,占总病例数的74.40%;0~4岁组儿童1 501例,占11.40%。男、女性别比1.47∶1。共报告因流行性腮腺炎疫情引起的突发公共卫生事件18起,全部发生在学校,报告病例696例,占总病例数的5.29%。结论安康市2005-2015年流行性腮腺炎发病率较高,学龄儿童是发病的主要人群。应进一步加强对学校、幼托机构的传染病防控,做好流行性腮腺知识的健康教育,完善儿童麻腮风疫苗的免疫接种,以有效降低流行性腮腺炎的发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps from 2005 to 2015 in Ankang City and provide evidence for the development of mumps prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of mumps in the network direct reporting system in Ankang during 2005-2015. Results A total of 13 166 cases of mumps were reported in Ankang from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 44.78 / 100 000. Seasonal distribution of bimodal characteristics, the annual peak in April to July, the second peak in 11 ~ December. The cases mainly concentrated in the group of 5 to 14 years old, with a total number of 9 795 cases, accounting for 74.40% of the total cases. There were 1 501 cases of children aged 0 to 4 years old (11.40%). Male, female ratio of 1.47: 1. A total of 18 public health emergencies were reported as a result of the epidemic of mumps, all of which occurred in schools. A total of 696 cases were reported, accounting for 5.29% of the total number of cases. Conclusion The prevalence of mumps is higher in Ankang City from 2005 to 2015, and school-age children are the main population. We should further strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools and child care institutions, do well in the education of epidemic parotid gland knowledge, and improve the immunization of children with MMR vaccine so as to effectively reduce the incidence of mumps.