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于2015年5月6日,开展模拟人工湿地实验,研究美人蕉(Canna indica)、芦苇(Phragmites australias)和香蒲(Typha orientalis)地上部分(茎、叶)和地下部分(根)枯落物的分解特征及其对人工湿地渗透系数的影响。结果表明,在枯落物分解期间,美人蕉茎、叶枯落物的分解率最大,其次为芦苇的,香蒲的最小;在分解的第302天,香蒲、美人蕉和芦苇根枯落物的分解率分别为90.6%、89.3%和73.4%,美人蕉、芦苇和香蒲茎、叶枯落物的分解率分别为93.1%、54.7%和51.4%,美人蕉茎、叶枯落物分解率高与其初始氮含量较高和木质素含量较低有关。3种水生植物枯落物的分解率与植物枯落物中的碳氮比显著负相关(p<0.01),与木质素与氮之比显著负相关(p<0.05)。与未添加水生植物枯落物的人工湿地相比,添加香蒲、美人蕉和芦苇茎、叶枯落物的人工湿地渗透系数分别下降了24.1%、16.7%和23.4%。在人工湿地中,种植木质素含量低的美人蕉,有利于缓解人工湿地堵塞。
On May 6, 2015, a simulated artificial wetland experiment was conducted to study the decomposition of litter in the aerial parts (stems, leaves) and underground parts (roots) of Canna indica, Phragmites australias and Typha orientalis Characteristics and its effect on the permeability coefficient of constructed wetlands. The results showed that during the decomposition of litter, the decomposition rate of stem and leaf litter was the highest, followed by the reed and cattail, and the decomposition rate of cat littoral, canna and reed litter at the decomposition day 302 (90.6%, 89.3% and 73.4%, respectively). The decomposition rates of litter and litter of the canna, reed and cattail were 93.1%, 54.7% and 51.4%, respectively. The decomposition rate of litter and litter of the canna was higher than that of the initial litter Higher and lower lignin content. There was a significant negative correlation (p <0.01) between the decomposition rate of litter and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in plant litter, and the negative correlation between lignin and nitrogen (p <0.05). The artificial wetland permeability coefficients of cattail, canna and reed stem decreased by 24.1%, 16.7% and 23.4%, respectively compared with artificial wetlands without litter of aquatic plants. In constructed wetlands, plantains with low lignin content will help to alleviate the clogging of constructed wetlands.