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目的:分析漳浦县2008-2013年5岁以下儿童死亡状况,提出干预措施。让每个儿童拥有最佳的人生开端。方法:收集2008-2013年漳浦县5岁以下儿童生命监测结果资料,按死因进行分类统计分析。结果:漳浦县2008-2013年5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势(x2=32.512,p<0.05)。2013年漳浦县5岁以下儿童死亡率6.04‰,,较2012(6.76‰)年下降了11.9%,较20 08年(9.09‰)下降了50.4%。死亡原因的前六位依次为早产低出生体重(1.60‰),意外窒息(1.38‰),先天性心脏病(0.96‰),出生窒息(0.89‰),其他先天异常(0.85‰),肺炎(0.84‰)。新生儿、婴儿和1-4岁儿童死亡率(例数)分别为3.95‰(284)、6.11‰(439)、2.07‰(149),婴儿死亡例数占5岁以下儿童死亡的74.66%,新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的64.69%。男性死亡率(4.50‰)显著高于女性(3.69‰)(x2=10.856,p<0.05)。结论:围生期疾病(早产低出生体重和出生窒息)和出生缺陷(先天性心脏病和其他先天异常)是婴儿的主要死因。意外伤害窒息死亡占5岁以下儿童死因的第二位。需要综合干预。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the death status of children under 5 years old in Zhangpu County from 2008 to 2013 and put forward the intervention measures. Let every child have the best beginning in life. Methods: Data of monitoring results of life of children under 5 years of age in Zhangpu County from 2008 to 2013 were collected and classified according to the cause of death. Results: The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Zhangpu County from 2008 to 2013 showed a decreasing trend (x2 = 32.512, p <0.05). In 2013, the death rate of children under 5 years of age in Zhangpu County was 6.04 ‰, down 11.9% from 2012 (6.76 ‰), and down 50.4% from that in 2008 (9.09 ‰). The top six causes of death were preterm low birth weight (1.60 ‰), accidental asphyxia (1.38 ‰), congenital heart disease (0.96 ‰), birth asphyxia (0.89 ‰), other congenital anomalies (0.85 ‰), pneumonia 0.84 ‰). The death rates of newborns, infants and 1-4-year-olds were 3.95 ‰ (284), 6.11 ‰ (439) and 2.07 ‰ (149) respectively. The number of infant deaths accounted for 74.66% of the deaths of children under 5 years of age, Neonatal deaths accounted for 64.69% of infant deaths. Male mortality (4.50 ‰) was significantly higher than that of females (3.69 ‰) (x2 = 10.856, p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal disease (preterm low birth weight and birth asphyxia) and birth defects (congenital heart disease and other congenital anomalies) are the leading causes of death in infants. Accidental injury Asphyxiation deaths account for the second leading cause of death among children under five years of age. Need comprehensive intervention.