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目的探讨2010-2012年长沙市手足口病的病原学特征,为长沙市手足口病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法使用肠道病毒通用引物和EV71型、CAl6型的特异性引物,对2010-2012年长沙市的2 173例手足口病患者的肛拭子、粪便、咽拭子等各类样本,进行实时荧光PCR检测,使用SPSS 13.0对检测结果进行χ2检验分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果在收集到的2 173例手足口临床病例样本中,1 532例核酸检测结果为阳性(70.50%),其中802例为EV71型病毒核酸阳性(36.91%),355例检测为CoxAl6型阳性(16.34%),375例检测到其他肠道病毒(17.21%),EV71型病毒阳性率显著高于其他两项(χ2=326.405,P<0.05)。男女性别比为(1.56∶1),发病年龄主要集中0~5岁儿童(93.97%),尤其是在1~3岁年龄组幼儿发病最高(占72.85%)(χ2=67.295,P<0.05);流行季节几乎贯穿全年,以4~6月最为流行。结论 2010-2012年在长沙地区手足口病易发于0~5岁儿童,应在4~6月重点加强这一人群的预防和控制措施。
Objective To explore the etiological characteristics of HFMD in Changsha from 2010 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD in Changsha City. Methods The samples of 2 173 cases of HFMD in Changsha from 2010 to 2012 were collected using real-time PCR, EV71 and CAl6 primers, and real-time Fluorescent PCR detection, the use of SPSS 13.0 test results χ2 test analysis, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results Among the 2 173 cases of hand, foot and mouth clinical samples collected, 532 cases were positive (70.50%), of which 802 cases were positive for EV71 virus (36.91%) and 355 cases were positive for CoxAl6 The positive rates of EV71 were significantly higher than those of the other two (χ2 = 326.405, P <0.05). The male / female sex ratio was (1.56: 1), the onset age was mainly concentrated in children aged 0-5 years (93.97%), especially in children aged 1-3 years (72.85%) (χ2 = 67.295, ; Popular seasons almost throughout the year, the most popular in April to June. Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, hand, foot and mouth disease in Changsha area is very common in children aged 0 ~ 5 years. The prevention and control measures should be strengthened in this population from April to June.