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目的探讨谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)对非肥胖型糖尿病(NOD)小鼠糖尿病的免疫干预作用。方法将3周龄40只体重(10.0±0.9)g雌性NOD小鼠分为4组分别腹腔注射GAD3mU、GAD3mU和不完全弗氏佐剂(IFA)50μl混合物、IFA50μl、磷酸缓冲液(PBS)50μl,定期检测血糖,眼内眦取血分离血清检测细胞因子白细胞介素(IL)-4和干扰素(IFN)-γ的变化,动态观察各组糖尿病发生发展的过程。28周时,全部处死,取脾、胸腺作淋巴细胞亚群测定,胰腺作病理组织学观察。结果GAD3mU+IFA50μl组小鼠无1只发生糖尿病。28周时血糖为(5.0±1.0)mmol/L;胰岛个数最多(7.9±1.2)个/张(P<0.01),胰岛炎评分最低(0.23±0.11)/个(P<0.01);血清中IL-4的水平最高为(99±17)pg/ml(P<0.01),IFN-γ水平最低为(304±31)pg/ml;CD4+/CD8+比值最低(P<0.01),在脾脏中为1.9±0.3,胸腺中为2.33±0.21。结论GAD早期可对NOD小鼠糖尿病的发生进行调节,主要是通过调节胸腺、脾淋巴细胞亚群分类,并通过淋巴细胞分泌Th1类因子和Th2类因子来调节Th0细胞的转化,从而抑制NOD小鼠胰岛炎,胰岛β细胞破坏减少,最终GAD免疫干预NOD小鼠糖尿病的发生。
Objective To investigate the immunological intervention of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) on diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. METHODS: Forty three-week-old female NOD mice weighing 10.0 ± 0.9 g were divided into 4 groups by intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of GAD3mU, GAD3mU and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) 50μl, IFA 50μl, phosphate buffer 50μl The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ were measured by blood serum from the intraocular 眦 blood, and the development of diabetes mellitus was observed dynamically. At 28 weeks, all sacrificed, spleen and thymus were taken as lymphocyte subsets, and the pancreas was observed for histopathology. Results None of GAD3mU + IFA 50μl mice developed diabetes. (5.0 ± 1.0) mmol / L at 28 weeks; the islet number was the highest (7.9 ± 1.2) / piece (P0.01); the lowest was insulitis score (0.23 ± 0.11) The highest level of IL-4 was (99 ± 17) pg / ml (P <0.01), the lowest level of IFN-γ was (304 ± 31) pg / ml and the lowest was CD4 + / CD8 + 1.9 ± 0.3 in the thymus and 2.33 ± 0.21 in the thymus. Conclusions GAD can regulate the occurrence of diabetes in NOD mice in the early stage mainly by regulating the classification of thymus and spleen lymphocyte subsets and regulating the transformation of Th0 cells through the secretion of Th1 and Th2 factors by lymphocytes, Murine islets inflammation, pancreatic β-cell destruction is reduced, and finally GAD immune intervention in the occurrence of diabetes in NOD mice.