一、引言青霉素自1940年問世以来,因其疗效大、毒性小、用途广,使用方法較为簡便,因此被临床上广泛应用。青霉素一向認为其毒性小,反应少,如应用在亞急性細菌性心內膜炎病例,虽每日用量达二千万單位,治疗总剂量超过10亿單位亦无不良反应。故一般認为应用通常剂量青霉素,几乎毫无毒性可言。但近年来由青霉素所致不良反应,甚至严重致死病例屡見不鮮,推翻了过去認为毒性小的看法。关于青霉素反应的报告,最早为Keefer(1943), First, the introduction of penicillin since its inception in 1940, because of its large efficacy, toxicity, wide use, the use of more convenient, it is widely used clinically. Penicillin has always been that its toxicity is small, less reaction, such as the application of subacute bacterial endocarditis cases, although the daily dosage of 20 million units, the total dose of treatment more than one billion units without adverse reactions. It is generally believed that the usual dose of penicillin, almost no toxicity at all. However, adverse reactions caused by penicillin in recent years, and even serious cases of fatal deaths are commonplace, overturning the past that the toxicity of small views. The report on penicillin reaction was first reported by Keefer (1943)