深圳特区成立之初,中央明确提出“经济发展以市场调节为主”的方针。13年来,深圳的社会发展与体制改革围绕市场化取向开展多方面探索。在这个过程中,政府机构怎样设置、职能如何转变,是十分关键的前提条件。深圳市级机构1980年以来,进行过5次改革和调整。这些改革均是根据当时的具体情况而实施的必要步骤,对转变政府职能,更好地发挥政府监督、服务、协调、规划职能作用,是一种有益的探索和尝试。一、机构改革的实践和回顾(一)第一次机构改革。从1981年8月着手,这是特区发展的起步阶段。根据特区的发展需要,深圳这次改革机构主要体现在三个 At the very beginning of the founding of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the Central Government explicitly proposed the principle of “economic development should be market-based”. In the past 13 years, the social development and structural reform in Shenzhen have explored many aspects based on the orientation of marketization. In this process, how to set up government agencies and how to change their functions is a crucial prerequisite. Since 1980, Shenzhen municipal agencies have conducted five reforms and adjustments. These reforms are the necessary steps to be implemented according to the specific conditions of the time. They are a useful exploration and attempt to transform the functions of the government and give better play to the functions of government supervision, service, coordination and planning. First, the practice and review of institutional reform (a) the first institutional reform. Starting from August 1981, this is the initial stage of the development of the SAR. According to the development needs of the SAR, Shenzhen’s reform agency is mainly reflected in three