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采用赛艇实船运动生物力学测试与分析系统,对国家赛艇队11名女子双桨队员进行了递增桨频的运动技术测试,揭示其在单人训练与多人配艇训练中运动技术的差异。研究表明:1)国家赛艇队员在多人配艇训练中低桨频情况下拉桨节奏偏低、高桨频情况下拉桨节奏偏高,不同方式训练时拉桨用力模式差异较大,这在一定程度上反映了训练时运动技术的不稳定性,会很大程度上降低拉桨效率。2)下降系数过高是引起桨角-桨力曲线后弧不饱满的原因之一。3)打滑、空划问题严重是目前国家赛艇队员存在的重要问题。国家赛艇队员要注意抓水训练,解决入水打滑问题;还要注意躯干手臂驱动效率训练,解决出水打滑问题。4)拉桨过深往往会引起桨叶水平分力减小,拉桨效率降低;还会造成桨叶开始出水时的垂直桨角过大,运动员拉桨同时还要压桨出水,使拉桨用力不均,形成二次用力曲线,还易引起出水打滑。可以通过桨叶在深度为-3°至-6°之间的水平拉桨训练解决这一问题。5)国家赛艇队员普遍存在不同桨频情况下躯干和手臂驱动的幅度明显不一致的情况,可以尝试固定腿部,对躯干和手臂进行单纯的拉桨训练解决这一问题。
In this study, 11 racing women’s canoe members of the national rowing team were tested for sport skills with increasing paddle frequency using the real boat sports biomechanics testing and analysis system, revealing their skills in single-person training and multi-person mate training difference. The results show that: 1) the national rower team has a low tempo of pulling paddles at low paddle frequency during multi-person training and a high tempo of paddling at high paddle frequency, To a certain extent, it reflects the instability of sports technology during training and will greatly reduce the efficiency of drawing. 2) The high coefficient of descent is one of the reasons that the rear arc of the blade-paddle force curve is not full. 3) Skidding and serious problem of empty rowing are the important problems existing in the current national rowing team. National rowing team members should pay attention to catch water training to solve the problem of slip into the water; but also pay attention to trunk arm drive efficiency training to solve the problem of slippery water. 4) Pulling the paddle too often will cause the horizontal component of the paddle to decrease and the drawer efficiency to decrease. The vertical pitch angle at the start of paddle will be too large. Uneven force, the formation of secondary force curve, but also easily lead to slippery water. This problem can be solved by paddle training at a level of between -3 ° and -6 °. 5) The national rowing team is generally different under different paddle frequency torso and arm drive significantly inconsistent range, you can try to fix the legs, the trunk and arm pull training alone to solve this problem.