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目的探讨空降医疗队员赴四川地震灾区救治伤病员第20天至第69天期间的心理状况及心理干预的效果。方法采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)和心理应激症状调查表,调查参加抗震救灾空降医疗队员44名。心理干预前与中国军人常模和中国正常人常模进行对比,医疗队员心理干预前后进行比较。结果空降医疗队员心理干预前与中国军人常模比较,除抑郁和恐怖症状因子分均值较高外(P<0.01),其他因子分均无明显差异性(P>0.05);与中国正常人常模比较,身体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性等因子评分均高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。心理干预后医疗队员的心理症状严重程度有明显减轻(P<0.05),个体症状数虽然有减少,但无显著差异性(P>0.05)。结论空降医疗队员抗震救灾早期心理应激症状人数多,程度重者少,但属正常的心理应激表达。随队开展针对性的心理干预后,医疗队员及时、有效地摆脱了负面情绪,团体心理得到重构。
Objective To investigate the psychological status and psychological intervention of airborne medical team members during the period from the 20th day to the 69th day of treatment and treatment of the sick and injured patients in Sichuan earthquake-hit areas. Methods A total of 44 airborne medical team members participated in the earthquake relief survey using the SCL-90 questionnaire and psychological stress symptom questionnaire. Psychological intervention with the Chinese norm and normal Chinese norm comparison, medical team psychological intervention before and after comparison. Results Compared with the norm of Chinese military personnel, the airborne medical team members had no significant differences in the other factors (P <0.01) except for the mean scores of depression and horror symptoms (P <0.01) The scores of physical, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, horror and psychosis were all higher (P <0.05 or P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the severity of mental symptoms of medical team members after psychological intervention (P <0.05), although there was no significant difference in individual symptoms (P> 0.05). Conclusion The number of early psychological stress symptoms of airborne medical team during earthquake relief is much, but the degree is less severe, but it is normal psychological stress expression. With the team to carry out targeted psychological intervention, medical team members promptly and effectively get rid of negative emotions, community psychology has been rebuilt.