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1、前言高温下金属材料的加工方法是相当多的,新的加工技术的开发也有引人注意的方法.但将以前的这些方法分类,一般说有(1)铸造加工(2)热塑性加工(3)焊接、熔融切割加工等.显然,这些加工方法都是以熔融或固体金属作为坯料的,它们是科用了熔融金属的良好流动性、高温下金属的变形拉力低和变形能力高,或者熔融金属的结合性、分离性好等特点.这些方法,包括了从熔体到固体的整个工艺过程,例如,近年来发明的新加工方法有熔体锻造法、阿库拉德法、高速连续铸造法等.它们是在比热加工温度范围高的温度下,即在超过固相线温度下,对坯料进行加载或加压而达到造型或成型的加工方法.而且,这些加工的基础都是以熔体或固体作为对象的,所以从这种定义出发,可以认为,它只是属于上述范畴中的一种.
1. INTRODUCTION The processing methods of metal materials under high temperature are considerable, and the development of new processing technologies is also attractive. However, these methods are generally classified as follows: (1) Casting Processing (2) Thermoplastic Processing 3) Welding, melt cutting, etc. Obviously, these processes are all based on the use of molten or solid metal as a billet, which is a good fluidity of the molten metal, low deformation strain of the metal at high temperatures and high deformability or The combination of molten metal, good separation, etc. These methods, including the entire process from melt to solid, for example, the new processing methods invented in recent years are melt forging method, Akulad method, high-speed continuous Casting, etc. They are working methods for shaping or forming blanks by applying or pressurizing the blanks at a temperature higher than the temperature range of the hot working, that is, at a temperature exceeding the solidus temperature. Moreover, these working processes are all based on To melt or solid as the object, so from this definition, it can be considered, it belongs to just one of the above categories.