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目的探讨嗜人按蚊在云南省昭通地区的分布和防制后的变化特征。方法通过资料收集分析,了解云南省20世纪80年代以来嗜人按蚊的分布范围、种群密度和传病关系;在5个乡12个村调查了解该蚊的分布特征;选择2个监测点开展防制后的种群密度监测。结果嗜人按蚊分布于全省35个县,但主要在滇东北8个县起传疟作用,其影响人口占全省人口的8.0%。嗜人按蚊防制后的平均密度为0.2只/人工小时,比防制前下降了99.5%～99.3%;平均50顶蚊帐的密度为0.08只;半通宵叮人率为0.13只/(人·夜)。8个嗜人按蚊传播县防制后期有5个继续发现嗜人按蚊,疟疾发病率亦由1980年的10.32/万下降到1997年的1.01/万。结论采用DDT滞留喷洒和菊酯类浸泡蚊帐效果显著,经控制后的嗜人按蚊分布范围、密度明显下降。
Objective To investigate the distribution of Anopheles anthropophagus in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province and its change after the control. Methods Through the data collection and analysis, the distribution, population density and transmission of Anopheles anthropophagus in Yunnan province since 1980s were investigated. The distribution characteristics of the mosquito were investigated in 12 villages in 5 townships. Two monitoring sites were selected Controlled population density monitoring. Results Anopheles anthropophagus distributed in 35 counties throughout the province, but mainly in eight counties in northeastern Yunnan played the role of malaria, the affected population accounted for 8.0% of the province’s population. Anopheles mosquito control after the average density of 0.2 / artificial hours, compared with the pre-control decreased by 99.5% to 99.3%; average density of 50 mosquito nets 0.08; bite night rate of 0.13 / person ·night). Anopheles anthropophagus continued to be found in 5 of the 8 anopheles mosquito transmitted in the late stage of control. The incidence of malaria also dropped from 10.32 / million in 1980 to 1.01 / million in 1997. Conclusion DDT retention spraying and pyrethroid insecticide nets have significant effects. The distribution and density of the controlled An.