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1924年问世的Shewhart控制图,可用来区分偶然因素及系统因素对产品质量所产生的差异。但现实世界中还存在一类更为普遍的过程,在此过程中需将系统因素进一步区分为我们所关心和不关心的两类,并只需选择前者加以控制。Shewhart控制图不能区分这两类系统因素。 本文提出的选控控制图能够只对所关心的系统因素告警,而对不关心的系统因素不予理睬。它的思路与Shewhart控制图迥然不同。在理论上,选控控制图能够比Shewhart控制图多区分出一类系统因素。后者只是前者的一个特例。 本控制图用于控制长途电话逾限率和退号率等方面已经获得成功。用它来发现问题的准确度要比Shewhart控制图高10倍左右。 这种控制图对于工商业部门也将有广泛的用途。
The Shewhart control chart, introduced in 1924, can be used to distinguish between incidental and systemic effects on product quality. However, in the real world, there is a more general process in which the system factors need to be further divided into two categories that we care about and are not concerned about, and we only need to choose the former to control. The Shewhart chart does not distinguish between these two types of system factors. The control chart proposed in this paper can only alert the system factors concerned, and ignore the system factors which are not concerned. Its thinking is quite different from the Shewhart chart. In theory, a control chart can be more than Shewhart control chart to distinguish a class of system factors. The latter is only a special case of the former. This control chart has been used to control long-distance calls over rate and withdrawal rate has been successful. Use it to find the accuracy of the problem than Shewhart control chart about 10 times higher. This control chart will also have a wide range of uses for the business sector.