气韵的含义正是对画家自身学识修养的一种要求,也是认识论与方法论的一种体验。董其昌的文人画理论,在《南北宗论》中将柔韧性用线的画山石的披麻皴法及水寒渍染的画法归为南宗,代表人物有王维、董源、巨然、李成、范宽、郭熙、米芾、黄公望、王蒙、倪瓒、吴镇、石涛、八大山人、“四王”等,把刚硬性用线的斧劈皴法类归为北宗,代表人物有李思训、李唐、马远、夏圭、沈周、文徵明、唐寅、赵伯驹、赵伯啸、吴伟等。北宗画家多属宫廷画家,南宗画家则多属文人士大夫。董其昌在《南北宗 The meaning of rhyme is just a requirement of the painter’s own knowledge and accomplishment, and also an experience of epistemology and methodology. Dong Qichang’s literati painting theory, in “Southern and Northern Sectarians” will be flexible line with the painting of plutonium law and water stains dyeing method classified as Southern, representatives Wang Wei, Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Li Cheng , Fan Kuan, Guo Xi, Mi Xuan, Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng, Ni 瓒, Wu Zhen, Shi Tao, Bada Shanren, “Four Kings ” and so on, the hard line with the ax split law class as North Zong, Representatives Li Sixin, Li Tang, Ma Yuan, Xia Gui, Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin, Zhao Boju, Zhao Bo Xiao, Wu Wei and so on. Northern painter mostly court painter, South painter are mostly literati doctor. Dong Qichang in the "north-south case