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Toll样受体(Toll like receptors,TLRs)为一种跨膜转导蛋白,主要表达于淋巴细胞及某些上皮细胞表面,通过识别体内、外特异性配体而激活机体免疫应答。由此可见,TLRs信号激活本是机体防御的第一道防线,但如果其信号过度活化则可打破机体对自身抗原的免疫耐受而导致自身免疫性疾病的发生。本文综述了TLRs的种类、配体及相应的信号通路,主要探讨了TLRs与自身免疫性疾病的关系及治疗前景。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a transmembrane transducin, are expressed mainly on the surface of lymphocytes and certain epithelial cells and activate the immune response by recognizing in vivo and in vitro specific ligands. Thus, TLRs signal activation is the first line of defense of the body’s defense, but if its signal is over-activated, it can break the body’s immune tolerance to its own antigens and lead to the occurrence of autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the types, ligands and signaling pathways of TLRs, and explores the relationship between TLRs and autoimmune diseases and their therapeutic prospects.