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目的调查不同规模医院的医院感染和社区感染现患情况,为预防与控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采取横断面方法调查2014年各医院住院患者的医院感染现患率、社区感染现患率、抗菌药物使用情况和病原学送检率;按照床位数将医院分为4组:A组2家、B组8家、C组5家、D组3家,数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果共调查18家不同规模医院,调查11 383例住院患者,医院感染243例,医院感染现患率2.13%;社区感染2 310人,社区感染现患率20.29%,A组与C组、A组与D组、B组与D组患者现患率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论随着国家专项整治工作的开展、地方政策的扶持和医院感染预防与控制措施的落实,医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用率和病原学送检率均在较好的水平。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of nosocomial and community-acquired infections in hospitals of different sizes and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The cross-sectional method was used to investigate the prevalence rate of hospital infection, prevalence of community infection, antimicrobial use and the rate of etiological examination in hospitalized patients in 2014. The hospitals were divided into 4 groups according to the number of beds: 2 in group A, B 8 in group, 5 in group C and 3 in group D. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Results A total of 18 hospitals of different sizes were surveyed, 11 383 inpatients, 243 hospital infections and 2.13% of hospital infection were found. The community infection was 2 310 and the prevalence of community infection was 20.29% The prevalence rate of patients in group D, group B and group D were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion With the implementation of national special rectification work, the support of local policies and the implementation of hospital infection prevention and control measures, prevalence rate of hospital infection, antimicrobial usage and the rate of etiological examination are all at a good level.