中国近代最大的钢铁厂为何定址于汉阳大别山下 ?决策者张之洞当时的说法 (主要着眼于督察管理 )一直为一般学者所接受。本文认为 ,张氏的说法受特定政治环境的影响 ,并未透露其主要动机。张之洞放弃在大冶设厂之主要原因 ,乃是由于同李鸿章、盛宣怀矛盾激化的结果。后又受武汉地区社会文化环境与自然地理条件的制约 ,遂将铁厂设于汉阳大别山下。汉阳铁厂之布局 ,是当时特定的人文、自然因素综合作用的结果 ,其中传统政治因素的影响尤为突出 Why China’s largest modern steel factory located in Hanyang under the Dabie Mountains? Decision maker Zhang Zhidong’s remarks (mainly focusing on inspector management) has been accepted by the average scholars. This article argues that Chang’s argument is influenced by the specific political environment and does not reveal its main motivation. The main reason for Zhang Zhidong to give up its factory in Daye is the result of the intensification of conflicts with Li Hongzhang and Sheng Xuanhuai. After being constrained by the social and cultural environment and natural and geographical conditions in Wuhan, the iron factory was set up under the Dabie Mountain in Hanyang. The layout of Hanyang Iron Works was the result of the combination of specific humanistic and natural factors of the time, in which the influence of traditional political factors was particularly prominent