呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)是医院获得性肺炎中最常见和最重要的一种,具有较高的发病率和病死率。研究发现,气管插管后所造成的VAP,其病原菌多数来源于口咽部分泌物和胃食管反流物的误吸,即所谓“微量误吸”。本文通过VAP的诊断标准、发病机制及相关因素的研究,就如何减少误吸,预防VAP,从而降低VAP的发生率,改善危重患者预后提出了具体的预防措施。 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common and important hospital-acquired pneumonia, with a high morbidity and mortality. The study found that the tracheal intubation caused by VAP, most of its pathogens from the oropharyngeal secretions and gastroesophageal reflux fluid aspiration, the so-called “trace aspiration.” In this paper, the diagnostic criteria of VAP, pathogenesis and related factors in the study on how to reduce aspiration, prevention of VAP, thereby reducing the incidence of VAP and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients put forward specific preventive measures.