目前,铁路变电所使用的变压器大多为油浸式,内部以油纸绝缘为主。当变压器内部发生潜伏性故障时,绝缘油受热分解产生烃类气体。由于含有不同化学键结构的碳氢化合物其热稳定性各不相同,所以绝缘油随故障点温度的升高依次生成烷烃、烯烃和炔烃。又由于每一种烃类气体最大产气率都对应一个特定的温度范围,故绝缘油在不同的故障性质下产生不同成分、不同含量的烃类气体。气相色谱法就是据此对变压器内部潜伏性故障进行分析诊断的。 At present, the transformers used in railway substations are mostly oil-immersed, with the internal mainly oil-paper insulation. When the transformer internal latent fault occurs, the insulating oil is heated decomposition of hydrocarbon gases. Since hydrocarbons containing different chemical bonds have different thermal stability, the insulating oil sequentially generates paraffins, olefins and alkynes as the temperature at the point of failure increases. Since the maximum gas yield of each hydrocarbon gas corresponds to a specific temperature range, the insulating oil generates different compositions and different amounts of hydrocarbon gas under different fault characteristics. Gas chromatography is based on the analysis of latent faults within the transformer diagnosis.