为了提高半湿润半干旱流域的洪水模拟与预报精度,基于GIS、RS和DEM技术,以DEM栅格为流域计算单元,构建了基于混合产流和二维栅格汇流的栅格型分布式水文模型(Grid-MK-2D模型),即混合产流模型是在蓄满产流基础上增加基于Green-Ampt下渗方法的超渗产流模型,坡面二维汇流计算采用基于栅格单元的分布式运动波模型水流演算,河道汇流应用一维运动波模型演算,运动波方程组由隐式有限差分求解。将Grid-MK-2D模型、Grid-MK-1D模型与新安江模型应用于半干旱的沁河孔家坡流域并对比分析。结果表明,两个基于DEM栅格的分布式水文模型(Grid-MK-2D、Grid-MK-1D)的模拟效果优于新安江模型,但GridMK-2D模型洪峰模拟效果更好。 In order to improve the simulation and forecasting accuracy of flood in semi-humid and semi-arid basins, based on the GIS, RS and DEM technologies, a grid-based distributed hydrology based on mixed runoff and two- (Grid-MK-2D model), that is, the mixed-flow model is based on the runoff-rich model based on the Green-Ampt infiltration method. The two-dimensional confluence calculation on the slope is based on the grid cell One-dimensional motion wave model is used to calculate the flow of distributed motion wave model and the river convergence. The motion wave equation is solved by implicit finite difference method. The Grid-MK-2D model, the Grid-MK-1D model and the Xin’anjiang model are applied to the semi-arid Qinjiahe Kongjiabao River Basin and compared. The results show that the simulation results of two DEM grid-based distributed hydrological models (Grid-MK-2D, Grid-MK-1D) are better than that of Xin’anjiang model, but the simulation results of GridMK-2D model are better.