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Objective: To study the effect of KATP channel opener and its possible mechanism on the sinoatrial node cells of neonatal rats which were cultured under simulated ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: Freshly isolated sinoatrial node (SAN) cells of neonatal rats were purified and cultured for 2 d, and then they were randomly divided into the control, simulated ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), group intervened with KATP channel opener pinacidil (P+I/R group), KATP Channel blocking agent 5-HD (5-HD+I/R group), and group with the 2 agents at same time (5-HD+P+I/R group). The survival rate of cells was measured by flow cytometry and the content of intracellular calcium in the cells of each group was detected with laser confocal microscopy. Results: ① The survival rate of SAN cells in I/R group [(51.79±6.28)%] was remarkably significantly lower than in control [(95.08±10.48)%] (P