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为了比较常规分次施肥和包膜控释掺混尿素对双季稻生长及氮素利用率的影响,在田间条件下,研究了不同施肥处理对双季稻分蘖数、叶绿素含量、各个生育期植株含氮量、稻草稻谷产量及氮素利用率等因素的影响。结果表明:(1)在早稻上,控释掺混尿素处理的以上各测试指标均高于常规分次施氮肥处理,各指标两处理之间差异均不显著(P<0.05)。控释掺混尿素的氮肥利用率为40.08%,显著高于常规分次施氮肥的32.47%,而一次基施氮肥的利用率只有19.50%。(2)在晚稻上,常规分次施氮肥处理的稻谷产量高于控释掺混尿素处理,差异不显著(P<0.05),其他各项测试指标均低于控释掺混尿素处理。控释掺混尿素和常规分次施氮肥的氮素利用率分别为39.91%、39.58%,二者显著高于一次基施氮肥的28.14%。由此可见,科学合理的施用包膜控释掺混尿素可以提高双季稻生产的经济效益,提高氮素利用率,减少资源的浪费,保护土壤生态环境。
In order to compare the effects of conventional fertilization with urea and coated controlled-release urea on the growth and nitrogen use efficiency of double cropping rice, the effects of different fertilization treatments on tiller number, chlorophyll content, Plant nitrogen content, rice straw yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency and other factors. The results showed that: (1) In the early rice, the above test indexes of controlled release mixed urea treatment were higher than those of conventional nitrogen treatment, the difference between the two treatments was not significant (P <0.05). The nitrogen utilization rate of controlled release urea was 40.08%, which was significantly higher than that of conventional nitrogen application (32.47%), while that of primary nitrogen application was only 19.50%. (2) In the late rice, the grain yield of conventional nitrogen application was higher than that of controlled release mixed urea treatment, the difference was not significant (P <0.05), the other test indicators were lower than the controlled release mixed urea treatment. Nitrogen utilization rates of controlled release urea and conventional nitrogen fertilization were 39.91% and 39.58%, respectively, which were significantly higher than 28.14% of primary nitrogen application. Thus, the scientific and rational application of coated controlled release urea can increase the economic benefits of double cropping rice production, improve nitrogen utilization, reduce resource waste and protect soil ecological environment.