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本文主要探讨美国作家舍伍德·安德森(Sherwood Anderson)短篇小说集《小城畸人》(Winesburg,Ohio)中的伦理思想。在论述安德森个人伦理价值观的基础上,笔者以小说集里的几部作品为例,分析了作家着力开拓的两个向度的伦理主题,一个表达“人伦”关系,是属于经验世界的,呈现温士堡小城每个个体的人以及个体与他人之间的关系;一个表达“天伦”关系,是属于超验世界的,探求温士堡小城中人与上帝神秘的宗教关系。同时,小说集在整体上又指向“荒原”这一时代主题。此外,笔者也结合安德森对人物的塑造和突破传统的小说叙述方式,论述了安德森对小说伦理的构建。
This article focuses on the ethical thinking of the American writer Sherwood Anderson’s short story collection Winesburg, Ohio. On the basis of the discussion of Anderson’s personal ethical values, the author analyzes the ethical themes of the two dimensions that writers are trying hard to develop in the light of several works in the novel collection. An expression of “human relations” is an empirical world , Showing each and every individual in the town of Wintersborough, as well as the relationship between the individual and others; an expression of “family” is a transcendental world that explores the mysterious religious relationship between man and God in the town of Windsor. At the same time, the collection of novels as a whole also points to the theme of the era of “Wasteland”. In addition, the author also discusses Andersson’s construction of the ethics of novels by combining with Anderson’s creation of characters and breaking through the traditional way of narration.