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目的探讨不同专业外科医生的职业紧张。方法采用职业紧张测量工具测量职业紧张因素、紧张缓解因素和紧张反应,并调查年龄、性别、文化程度等一般情况。数据分别进行χ2检验、方差分析和逐步回归分析。结果紧张因素中工作冲突、工作危险、工作控制和工作角色,缓解因素中应对策略、自尊感,在不同专业外科医生中得分均不同(P<0.05);不同专业外科医生紧张反应中工作满意感、心身症状、日常紧张感得分不同(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析显示其主要影响因素为医院等级、工作冲突、与工作无关活动、外科专业、工龄、周工作时间等;工作危险、工作前景、工作角色、工作班、物理环境、应对策略是影响心理卫生的主要因素;社会支持、提升与参与机会、工作前景、物理环境、外科专业、工作角色、工作控制、工作班是影响心身症状的主要因素:工作角色、工作前景、工作危险、性别、行为方式、社会支持、周工作时间、物理环境、应对策略和工作单调性是抑郁症状的主要影响因素;社会支持、工作需求、工作单调性、工作角色、工作危险、物理环境和工作控制则是日常紧张感的主要影响因素。结论不同专业外科医生职业紧张分布不同,要切实降低其职业紧张应采取具有针对性的措施。
Objective To investigate the occupational stress of surgeons in different professions. Methods Occupational stress measurement tools were used to measure occupational stress factors, stress relief factors and stress responses. The general conditions of age, gender and education level were also investigated. Data were chi square test, analysis of variance and stepwise regression analysis. Results Among the stress factors, there were differences in work conflicts, work hazards, job control and job roles, coping strategies and self-esteem in mitigating factors, and scores among surgeons in different professions (P <0.05). Job satisfaction among surgeons in different professions , Psychosomatic symptoms, daily stress score different (P <0.05). Stepwise regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors were hospital level, work conflict, non-work-related activities, surgical specialty, length of service, working week, etc .; risk of work, job prospects, job roles, work class, physical environment, coping strategies were psychological Main factors of health; social support, promotion and participation opportunities, job prospects, physical environment, surgical profession, job roles, job control and work class are the main factors affecting the psychosomatic symptoms: job role, job prospects, job risk, gender, behavior Social support, job needs, job monotony, job role, job risk, physical environment and job control were the main factors that affected the depression symptoms. Social support, weekly working hours, physical environment, coping strategies and monotonous work were the main influencing factors of depression The main influencing factors of tension. Conclusion There are different occupational stress distribution among surgeons in different professions. It is necessary to take targeted measures to reduce their occupational stress effectively.