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本文在吸收符合论、实效论、融贯论、语义论等真理学说的理论精华并对客观真实说、法律真实说等证明标准理论进行批判性继承的基础上,构建起一个完整的真的标准体系: 真的保证性标准就是“命题与事实符合”,它是对真的规定,是真的识别标准;真的核证性标准由真的证实标准和真的证明标准两个部分组成,真的证实标准就是“命题与经验证据符合”,真的证明标准就是“命题与科学证据符合”,它们是对命题真性的提示和展现,是真的证成标准;真的有效性标准就是“命题与实体法律规范和程序法律规范符合”,它是真命题的“有用性”、“能用性”的评价标准;真的现实的合理的可接受标准就是“排除一切合理怀疑”。这个标准体系澄清了以往证明标准问题上的理论混乱,使真的各种标准在诉讼证明实践中各归其位,各司其职。作者认为,这种标准体系才是科学的完整的,因而也是司法实践应当遵循的标准体系。
Based on absorbing the essence of theory of truth theory such as theory of conformity, theory of effect, coherence theory and semantics and critically inheriting the theory of proof of evidence such as objective truth, law truth and so on, this essay constructs a complete true standard System: the real guarantee of the standard is “proposition and factual match”, it is the true provisions, is the true recognition of the standard; true verification standard by the true proof of the standard and the true proof of the two parts, really Proof of the standard is “the proposition and empirical evidence in line with” the true proof of the standard is “proposition and scientific evidence”, they are true propositions and show the true standard of proof; the true validity of the standard is “proposition and Substantive legal norms and procedural norms of law, ”it is the true proposition of“ usefulness ”and“ usability ”of the evaluation criteria; the real reality of the reasonable acceptable standard is“ to exclude all reasonable suspicion. ” This standard system clarifies the theoretical chaos in the past on the standard of proof so that all kinds of standards in the litigation proves their true worth and their respective functions. The author believes that this kind of standard system is scientific and complete, and therefore it is also the standard system that judicial practice should follow.