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目的总结儿童感染性腹泻的流行病学特征及发病特点,探讨儿童感染性腹泻的预防控制措施及对策。方法回顾性分析2009年1月～2012年1月我市妇婴医院收治的318例儿童感染性腹泻的流行病学资料及临床资料,总结儿童感染性腹泻的流行病学特征及发病学特点,根据流行病学特征及发病学特点提出预防控制措施及对策。结果儿童感染性腹泻以细菌感染的感染率为53.14%,病毒感染率为41.51%;细菌及病毒的感染率高于其它病原;年龄<1岁的儿童的发病率为42.4%,高于其它年龄组;冬春季的发病率大于其它季节,发病率分别为50.94%及38.05%;农村发病率为72.01%,城市的发病率为20.99%,农村高于城市的发病率。结论儿童感染性腹泻的发病时间多集中在冬春季节,主要为细菌及病毒感染,小年龄儿童因器官发育不完善,免疫功能差,更容易出现感染性腹泻,而农村儿童由于卫生条件相对差,也更容易出现感染性腹泻,故要预防控制感染性腹泻,应在冬春季节加强对小年龄及农村儿童的预防控制。
Objective To summarize the epidemiological characteristics and incidence of infectious diarrhea in children, and to explore the prevention and control measures and countermeasures of infectious diarrhea in children. Methods The epidemiological data and clinical data of 318 cases of infectious diarrhea in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The epidemiological and epidemiological features of infectious diarrhea in children were summarized. According to epidemiological characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of prevention and control measures and countermeasures. Results The infection rate of bacterial infection in children with infectious diarrhea was 53.14% and the infection rate was 41.51%. The infection rate of bacteria and virus was higher than other pathogens. The incidence of children aged <1 year was 42.4%, higher than other ages The incidence in winter and spring was greater than that in other seasons, with the incidence rates of 50.94% and 38.05% respectively. The incidence in rural areas was 72.01% and the incidence in urban areas was 20.99%. The incidence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. Conclusions The onset time of infectious diarrhea in children is mostly concentrated in winter and spring, mainly due to bacterial and viral infections. Children in younger age are more likely to develop infectious diarrhea due to imperfect organ development and poor immune function. However, due to poor sanitation conditions in rural children, , But also more prone to infectious diarrhea, it is necessary to prevent and control infectious diarrhea, should be strengthened in winter and spring prevention and control of small children and rural children.