一、前言氢氟酸在工业上应用很广,如:腐蝕和磨光玻璃、雕刻金属、清潔沙石和大理石、从瑕疵的磁器中提取珐瑯瓷、杀虫和杀菌剂的合成,以及合成氟化銻而用于紡織工业中等。无水的氟化氢是制造氟利昂以及用烃化法制造航空燃料时的催化剂。但在制造氢氟酸的生产过程中或制造过磷酸钙、黄磷、火柴和过氧化氧时,电解熔融的冰晶石制鋁时,金属铍、鎂、氟铍化合物、助熔剂、合有氟化合物的电极进行电焊时,都有氟亿氢产生。它是一种无色的气体,溶于水,对皮肤和粘膜有剧烈的刺激性,凡从事上述工业的工人,与之經常接触或吸入就可以发生 I. Introduction Hydrofluoric acid is widely used in industry, such as corrosion and polishing of glass, carving of metal, cleaning of gravel and marble, extraction of enamel porcelain from defective magnetic tools, synthesis of insecticidal and fungicidal agents, and synthesis of fluorine Antimony and used in the textile industry medium. Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is a catalyst used in the manufacture of freons and in the manufacture of aviation fuels by the alkylation process. However, in the production of hydrofluoric acid or in the manufacture of molten aluminum cryolite, such as beryllium, magnesium, beryllium fluoride compounds, fluxes, fluorine-containing compounds Compound electrode when welding, there are fluoride hydrogen generation. It is a colorless gas that dissolves in water and causes intense irritation to the skin and mucous membranes. It is possible for workers in these industries to contact or inhale frequently