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目的了解电子垃圾拆卸区铅暴露对儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的影响情况。方法选择广东贵屿镇172例2~8岁儿童作为研究对象,取其静脉血检测血铅浓度,采用DSM-IV父母及教师量表对儿童ADHD行为症状进行评分。结果本组172例2~8岁儿童铅中毒率为29.1%,ADHD流行率根据父母量表为13.4%,教师量表为7.0%。血铅与两量表的ADHD行为症状总评分、各亚型评分均呈正相关性(P均<0.01)。铅中毒组的两量表ADHD行为症状总评分、各亚型评分均高于非铅中毒组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。男童相对女童在铅中毒情况下更容易表现出ADHD行为症状。结论电子垃圾拆卸区的铅污染已经对儿童的行为发育造成损害,有必要采取多种手段进行干预,以保护当地儿童的健康成长。
Objective To understand the impact of lead exposure in e-waste disposal on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods A total of 172 children aged 2 to 8 years in Guiyu, Guangdong Province were selected as study subjects. The blood lead levels were measured by venous blood. The ADHD behavioral symptoms were assessed by DSM-IV parents and teachers scale. Results The lead poisoning rate of 172 children aged 2-8 was 29.1%. The prevalence of ADHD was 13.4% according to the parental scale and 7.0% for the teacher scale. There was a positive correlation between blood lead levels and ADHD behavioral symptoms scores and sub-types scores (P <0.01). The total score of ADHD behavioral symptoms and the score of each subtype of lead poisoning group were higher than that of non-lead poisoning group (P <0.01). Boys Relative Girls are more likely to show ADHD behavioral symptoms in cases of lead poisoning. Conclusion The lead pollution in the demolition area of e-waste has caused damage to children’s behavior and development. It is necessary to intervene in various ways to protect the healthy growth of local children.