商品是使用价值与价值的统一。商品的有用性,并不是用于满足生产者自己的需要,而是要通过交换,用于满足社会的需要。但商品能否为社会所承认,这要受市场商品供求关系的检验。只有卖方的商品适合消费者的需要,交换才能顺利实现,否则便无人购买。商品交换过程中的这种矛盾,固然反映了生产与消费的矛盾,但在流通领域里则表现为商品供应与商品需求的矛盾。商品交换决定着商品及其所有者的命运,而市场商品供求关系则是决定商品交换能否实现的关键。因此,社会主义商业部门在组织商品交换的过程中,必须经常注意研究商品供求关系的运动规律。 Commodity is the unity of use value and value. The usefulness of goods is not used to meet the needs of the producers themselves, but to be exchanged to meet the needs of society. But whether the goods can be recognized by the society depends on the test of the relationship between supply and demand of the market goods. Only the seller’s products suitable for the needs of consumers, the exchange can be successfully achieved, otherwise no one will buy. This contradiction in the process of commodity exchange reflects not only the contradiction between production and consumption, but also the contradiction between the supply of goods and the demand for commodities in the circulation field. The exchange of goods determines the fate of the goods and their owners, and the relationship between the supply and demand of market goods is the key to determining whether the exchange of goods can be achieved. Therefore, during the process of organizing the exchange of goods, the socialist commercial sector must always pay attention to studying the laws governing the relations between the supply and demand of commodities.