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在人多地少的现实面前,存量建设用地必须向节约集约化利用方向发展。而农村宅基地粗放利用的传统,使其成为集约化利用的重点。在集约化利用的探索中,目前主要存在三种模式,即政府出资征地拆迁模式、地方政府与村集体共同出资建设农民公寓的村改社区模式、村集体自己出资的自我改造模式。这三种模式各有利弊,从尊重农民宅基地的土地物权、保障其经济利益的角度出发,地方政府应当着力做好提供规划服务、跨村协调、招商引资、环保把关等工作。对地方政府参股投资的,应规定刚性的占股比例;对地方政府提供融资服务的,应当限制其利率水平;对历史遗留的拆迁安置房的产权问题,也应当逐步解决。
In the face of the reality of a small population, the stock of construction land must be intensively used to conserve energy. The extensive use of rural homestead tradition, making it the focus of intensive use. In the exploration of intensive utilization, there are mainly three modes at present, namely, the mode of land acquisition and demolition funded by the government, the village-to-village community mode in which the local governments and the village collective jointly fund the construction of peasant apartment buildings and the self-renovation mode of village collective self-financing. These three models have their advantages and disadvantages. From the perspective of respecting the land property rights of peasant homesteads and protecting their economic interests, local governments should make every effort to provide planning services, coordination across villages, investment attraction and environmental protection. The shareholding of local governments should stipulate a rigid shareholding ratio. When providing financing services to local governments, the level of interest rates should be restricted. Property rights of demolition and resettlement houses left over from history should also be gradually solved.