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目的观察硬膜外阻滞对经过筛选的输尿管结石及疼痛病例的治疗效果。方法急性输尿管结石患者16例,结石直径在0．4 cm～1．2 cm,经B型超声波检查或X线平片确诊后立即行硬膜外阻滞,取L1～2间隙置管并注入1．5％利多卡因15 ml～20 ml,之后并用扩容、利尿及头高斜坡健侧卧位下的物理捶打等治疗措施,治疗后观察结石排出,否则接镇痛泵,并进行第2次治疗。结果16例患者治疗后疼痛等症状迅速消失,有13例输尿管结石排出体外,1例注入膀胱,2例无效。治愈率为81．3％(13例),总有效率87．5％(14例)。结论直径<1．0 cm,发病时间<30 h的输尿管结石采取硬膜外阻滞治疗是有效的排石方法,且止痛理想,无创伤和并发症。
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of epidural block on selected ureteral calculi and painful cases. Methods Sixteen patients with acute ureteral calculi with a diameter of 0.4 cm to 1.2 cm were treated with epidural block immediately after diagnosis of type B ultrasound or radiography. 1.5% lidocaine 15 ml ~ 20 ml, and then with the capacity expansion, diuretic and head-high side down physical beat and other treatment measures, observe the stones after treatment discharge, or take the analgesic pump, and the first 2 Treatment. Results After treatment, pain and other symptoms disappeared rapidly in 16 patients. Thirteen ureteral stones were excreted, one was injected into the bladder, and two were ineffective. The cure rate was 81.3% (13 cases), the total effective rate was 87.5% (14 cases). Conclusions Epidural block with a diameter of less than 1.0 cm and onset time less than 30 h is an effective method for discharging stones and is ideal for pain relief with no trauma and complications.