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目的了解西峡县控制白喉的现状。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对西峡县历年白喉发病资料,历年白喉免疫接种资料及历年白喉疾病监测资料进行统计分析。结果 1957-1978年西峡县白喉平均发病率1.33/10万,平均死亡率0.28/10万,1979年至2010年连续32年无白喉病例发生。自1963年西峡县开始接种白喉类毒素,1985年起白喉类毒素年均接种率在90.00%以上,健康人群锡克氏试验阴性率达87.77%,自1984年进行的白喉疫情监测,监测全县各级医疗卫生单位门诊和住院患者2 341 130例,未发现白喉病例。结论西峡县实施计划免疫控制白喉效果显著,已达到消除白喉目标。
Objective To understand the current status of diphtheria control in Xixia County. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of diphtheria onset, diphtheria immunization and calendar surveillance of diphtheria in Xixia over the years. Results The average incidence of diphtheria in Xixia County from 1957 to 1978 was 1.33 per 100 000 with an average mortality rate of 0.28 per 100 000. There was no occurrence of diphtheria for 32 consecutive years from 1979 to 2010. Diphtheria toxoid was inoculated in Xixia County in 1963. The average annual inoculation rate of diphtheria toxoid was above 90.00% in 1985 and 87.77% in healthy people. The detection and monitoring of diphtheria outbreak since 1984 There were 2,131,303 outpatients and inpatients at medical and health units at all levels in the county, and no diphtheria cases were found. Conclusion Xixia County plans to immunize diphtheria effectively and has achieved the goal of eliminating diphtheria.