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气动力辅助变轨技术可以有效地节约燃料,是未来航天器新型变轨技术的发展方向之一。该文采用Gauss伪谱法对航天器从高轨道向低轨道共面轨道转移问题进行了研究。在考虑热流限制、控制约束的条件下,得到了航天器大气飞行段的次优轨迹,并对轨迹特性进行了分析,证明优化结果满足一阶最优性必要条件。同时采用间接法处理该问题,对两种方法的计算结果进行了比较。仿真分析表明:Gauss伪谱法处理约束方法简单,解的精度高,且克服了间接法对初值敏感、鲁棒性差的缺点,适合应用于航天器大气内轨迹优化问题。
Aerodynamics-assisted orbit-changing technology can effectively save fuel and is one of the development directions for the future spacecraft orbit changing technology. In this paper, Gauss pseudospectral method is used to study the problem of coplanar orbit transfer from high orbit to low orbit. Under the condition of heat flow restriction and control constraint, the suboptimal trajectory of the aerospace flight segment is obtained, and the trajectory characteristics are analyzed. The results prove that the optimization results satisfy the first order optimality necessary conditions. At the same time, this method is dealt with by indirect method and the results of two methods are compared. The simulation results show that the Gauss pseudo-spectral processing constraint method is simple, the solution accuracy is high, and the indirect method is sensitive to initial value and poor robustness. It is suitable for trajectory optimization in the spacecraft.