非结核性分枝杆菌(NTM)被公认为是儿童颈部淋巴结炎的致病因素,但儿童胸内NTM感染罕见报道。 病例 女,2岁,因怀疑气管异物就诊。患儿3周前开始咳嗽、喘息,用气管扩张剂治疗无效,既往无哮喘史,生长发育正常。查体:轻微的吸气性呼吸急促和呼气性喘息,以右肺为著,无杵状指(趾),全血细胞计数 Non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) is recognized as a causative agent of childhood cervical lymphadenitis, but it is rarely reported in children with intrathoracic NTM infection. Case female, 2 years old, due to suspected tracheal foreign body treatment. Children 3 weeks ago began to cough, wheeze, tracheal expander treatment ineffective, no previous history of asthma, normal growth and development. Physical examination: mild inspiratory shortness of breath and breathless wheezing, to the right lung, without clubbing (toe), the whole blood count