论文部分内容阅读
佳句赏析
It is not what we say but what we do that matters much.
It is you who I have loved all along.
It is your talent and virtues that make people remember you all the time.
以上例句都用到了强调句。“It be +被强调部分+who/ that +其他”是一个较常用也是较常考的特殊句式。它也是英语中用来表达强调的方式之一。用这一句型我们可以对英语句子中的主语、宾语、表语、状语、同位语等成分进行强调。下面我们来认识这一句型。
（一） 基本结构
陈述句：it + is/ was /（情态动词+be） +被强调部分 + who/that + 其他
疑问句：Is/Was/（情态动词）+ it + （be） +被强调部分 + who/that +其他
特殊疑问句：Wh- + is/was/（情态动词）+ it + （be） +/that +其他部分
eg： Mary met her boy friend in that book store last year.
It was Mary who met her boy friend in that book store last year.
It was in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year.
Was it in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year？
Where was it that Mary met her boy fried last year？
It must be in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year.
在学习强调句型时，学生必须熟练掌握基本结构同时教师要强调这一句型的时态与主谓一致问题。该句型常用一般现在时（be为is）和一般过去时（ be 为was ）.也会出现使用情态动词+be 的形式。关于强调句的主谓一致问题需要指出当被强调的是句子主语则谓语应与被强调部分一致。eg： It is I who/that your best friend .此句中被强调部分是主语，因此应与 I 一致的谓语是am.
（二） 考点与难点
强调句型的考查可以考基本结构也可以出现很复杂的长句。难易程度全在于题干中被强调部分而设置考点一般都是在that/who 与其他从句引导词的辨析。这里我们对于强调句的考查类型稍作归纳。
疑难考点1：与强调句型形似的以it be 开头的其他固定句型与强调句的辨析。
eg ： 1. It is necessary we take the map with us when traveling
2. It was 3 o’clock in the morning they arrived home.
3. It was 8years earlier people on that island learned to build a ship than people in other places
4. It is 9years he left his hometown.
5. It is a long time we can leave the school.
6. It is spring flowers and grass come up lively
7. It is in spring people like flying kites to wish a lucky and healthy year.
Keys： 1 that ， 2. when 3. that 4.since 5. before 6. when 7. that
以上练习只有句③ 和句⑦ 为强调句。句① 为形式主语it + be +n./adj. +that 引导主语从句。句②和句⑥为It be + 点时间+ when +状语从句。句④⑤ 为It be +段时间+since/ before +状语从句。
一招鲜 对于此类问题我们要准确判定一个句子是否强调句。办法是去掉句中的It be 及who /that 并试读其余部分。如果剩余部分依然是完整的句子则该句为强调句。反之则为其他句型。学生必须理解强调句中的It be 及who /that 只是一种插入结构并无实义。另外，学生要熟记与强调句形似的其它结构。分清楚
It + be +n./adj. +that引导主语从句
It be + 点时间+ when/before +状语从句
It be +段时间+since/ before +状语从句
疑难考点2：被强调部分包含有定语从句、名词性.从句、并列结构 等较复杂的语法结构
eg ： 1. It is not only what you have experienced but also who you are hanging out with that affects your understanding of a matter.
2 .It was in the old house where John was born that we found the letter. 3. It was when we had finished all the work that we found we had made a terrible mistake.
4. It was in our village where there stands a hawthorn tree that the famous film was shot.
疑难考点3：：not…until….结构的强调
eg ： Tom did not go home until his mother came to.
倒装句：Not until his mother came to did Tom go home.
强调句：It was not until his mother came to that Tom went home.
关于not…until….结构的强调一定要明确被强调的是until引导的时间状语。要强调until部分的时间状语就必须将not 一并放在被强调部分构成“It is/was not until …+that +其他”。还应注意，主句中的否定词not提至被强调部分，则主句的谓语部分要变成V-ed 形式。
（三） 高考试题回顾
① 2012课标 全国卷）It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
② 2012重庆 32）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng He had sailed to East Africa
.A .when B. that C. after D. since
③ 2012上海 37）----Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm ？
-----No， it was by improving efficiency .
A. when B. what C. how D. that
④ 2011陕西 23） It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____ benefits our work most.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
⑤ 2009浙江 4 ）----I’ve read another book this week .
----Well， maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
（陕西省洋县中学）
It is not what we say but what we do that matters much.
It is you who I have loved all along.
It is your talent and virtues that make people remember you all the time.
以上例句都用到了强调句。“It be +被强调部分+who/ that +其他”是一个较常用也是较常考的特殊句式。它也是英语中用来表达强调的方式之一。用这一句型我们可以对英语句子中的主语、宾语、表语、状语、同位语等成分进行强调。下面我们来认识这一句型。
（一） 基本结构
陈述句：it + is/ was /（情态动词+be） +被强调部分 + who/that + 其他
疑问句：Is/Was/（情态动词）+ it + （be） +被强调部分 + who/that +其他
特殊疑问句：Wh- + is/was/（情态动词）+ it + （be） +/that +其他部分
eg： Mary met her boy friend in that book store last year.
It was Mary who met her boy friend in that book store last year.
It was in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year.
Was it in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year？
Where was it that Mary met her boy fried last year？
It must be in that book store that Mary met her boy friend last year.
在学习强调句型时，学生必须熟练掌握基本结构同时教师要强调这一句型的时态与主谓一致问题。该句型常用一般现在时（be为is）和一般过去时（ be 为was ）.也会出现使用情态动词+be 的形式。关于强调句的主谓一致问题需要指出当被强调的是句子主语则谓语应与被强调部分一致。eg： It is I who/that your best friend .此句中被强调部分是主语，因此应与 I 一致的谓语是am.
（二） 考点与难点
强调句型的考查可以考基本结构也可以出现很复杂的长句。难易程度全在于题干中被强调部分而设置考点一般都是在that/who 与其他从句引导词的辨析。这里我们对于强调句的考查类型稍作归纳。
疑难考点1：与强调句型形似的以it be 开头的其他固定句型与强调句的辨析。
eg ： 1. It is necessary we take the map with us when traveling
2. It was 3 o’clock in the morning they arrived home.
3. It was 8years earlier people on that island learned to build a ship than people in other places
4. It is 9years he left his hometown.
5. It is a long time we can leave the school.
6. It is spring flowers and grass come up lively
7. It is in spring people like flying kites to wish a lucky and healthy year.
Keys： 1 that ， 2. when 3. that 4.since 5. before 6. when 7. that
以上练习只有句③ 和句⑦ 为强调句。句① 为形式主语it + be +n./adj. +that 引导主语从句。句②和句⑥为It be + 点时间+ when +状语从句。句④⑤ 为It be +段时间+since/ before +状语从句。
一招鲜 对于此类问题我们要准确判定一个句子是否强调句。办法是去掉句中的It be 及who /that 并试读其余部分。如果剩余部分依然是完整的句子则该句为强调句。反之则为其他句型。学生必须理解强调句中的It be 及who /that 只是一种插入结构并无实义。另外，学生要熟记与强调句形似的其它结构。分清楚
It + be +n./adj. +that引导主语从句
It be + 点时间+ when/before +状语从句
It be +段时间+since/ before +状语从句
疑难考点2：被强调部分包含有定语从句、名词性.从句、并列结构 等较复杂的语法结构
eg ： 1. It is not only what you have experienced but also who you are hanging out with that affects your understanding of a matter.
2 .It was in the old house where John was born that we found the letter. 3. It was when we had finished all the work that we found we had made a terrible mistake.
4. It was in our village where there stands a hawthorn tree that the famous film was shot.
疑难考点3：：not…until….结构的强调
eg ： Tom did not go home until his mother came to.
倒装句：Not until his mother came to did Tom go home.
强调句：It was not until his mother came to that Tom went home.
关于not…until….结构的强调一定要明确被强调的是until引导的时间状语。要强调until部分的时间状语就必须将not 一并放在被强调部分构成“It is/was not until …+that +其他”。还应注意，主句中的否定词not提至被强调部分，则主句的谓语部分要变成V-ed 形式。
（三） 高考试题回顾
① 2012课标 全国卷）It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
② 2012重庆 32）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng He had sailed to East Africa
.A .when B. that C. after D. since
③ 2012上海 37）----Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm ？
-----No， it was by improving efficiency .
A. when B. what C. how D. that
④ 2011陕西 23） It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____ benefits our work most.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
⑤ 2009浙江 4 ）----I’ve read another book this week .
----Well， maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
（陕西省洋县中学）