4 废物处理技术环境问题仍然影响着油气田的开发。目前越来越多的企业正在设法改善这些区域的这种状况。存在的问题诸如:钻屑处理、稠油的出砂、无法经济处理的乳化液、被漏油污染的土壤等。有幸的是,发现油气的沉积盆地都具备有大规模处理固体和液体废物的场所。液态废物处理技术业已成熟,并已广泛应用,这里就不再讨论了。采用形成的技术,将固态废物注入地下来解决主要的环境问题。如果应用合理,将是未来很具吸引力的一种方法。某些区域加强地面处理能力(如堆积物、垃圾等)则是另外一种成本较低的可选择的方法(如:化学处理受污染的土壤,或清洗油砂)。 4 Waste treatment technology Environmental issues still affect the development of oil and gas fields. At present, more and more enterprises are trying to improve the situation in these regions. Existent problems such as drill cuttings, heavy oil sands, emulsions that can not be economically processed, and soils contaminated with oil spills. Fortunately, the discovery of oil and gas sedimentary basins are equipped with large-scale disposal of solid and liquid waste sites. Liquid waste treatment technology has matured and has been widely used, will not be discussed here. The resulting technology is used to inject solid waste into the ground to solve major environmental problems. If applied reasonably, it will be a very attractive way for the future. In some areas, strengthening the ground handling capacity (eg, debris, garbage, etc.) is another less expensive alternative (eg, chemically treating contaminated soil or cleaning oil sands).