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长链非编码RNA(lnc RNA)是一类200~100 000核苷酸长度且无蛋白质编码功能的一类RNA分子。越来越多的证据表明,lnc RNA主要通过在转录、转录后以及表观遗传水平参与基因的表达调控,并以此影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡、侵袭及转移等过程,与原发性肝癌发生、发展的病理生理机制及患者预后密切相关。原发性肝癌中多种显著异常表达的lnc RNA,有望成为原发性肝癌诊断和预后的新的分子标志物。笔者在简要介绍lnc RNA的基础上,对近年来lnc RNA在肝癌中的研究进展进行综述。
Long chain non-coding RNA (lnc RNA) is a class of RNA molecules of 200 to 100,000 nucleotides in length and lacking the protein-coding function. There is growing evidence that lnc RNA is involved in the regulation of gene expression mainly through transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic levels and thus affects the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, The occurrence and development of liver cancer are closely related to the pathophysiology and prognosis of patients. A variety of significantly abnormal expression of lnc RNA in primary liver cancer is expected to become a new molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of primary liver cancer. Based on the brief introduction of lnc RNA, the author reviewed the research progress of lnc RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma in recent years.