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德国实行社会市场经济,坚持以生产资料私有制为主体,采取多种私有制形式;同时,保持国有经济的重要地位。据1991年调查,原联邦德国有3700多家国有企业,其资本额占工业资本总额的20%,占投资总额的17%,总产值占国民生产总值的10—12%,就业人数占就业总人数的12%。德国的国有企业分为两类:一类是按公法建立起来的国有企业,其主要职能是
Germany implements a social market economy, insists on the private ownership of production materials as the main body and adopts various forms of private ownership; at the same time, it maintains an important position in the state-owned economy. According to a survey conducted in 1991, the former Federal Republic of Germany had more than 3,700 state-owned enterprises. Its capital accounted for 20% of the total industrial capital, and accounted for 17% of the total investment. The total output value accounted for 10-12% of the gross national product, and employment accounted for employment. 12% of the total number. There are two types of state-owned enterprises in Germany: one is a state-owned enterprise established according to public law. Its main function is