论文部分内容阅读
将4.0%五倍子水悬浮液喷施田间马铃薯品种Bintje的叶片,于不同处理时间后,剪下叶片带回室内人工接种致病疫霉孢子囊悬浮液,保湿培养后调查各处理的发病情况。结果表明,喷施五倍子水悬浮液后48h内未经历降雨的处理,病情指数仅为7.41,与清水对照相比,防效为92.59%;喷施后96h接种的处理,由于在田间经历了降雨,完全丧失了防效,病情指数达100。室内毒力测定结果显示,0.4%五倍子水悬浮液喷施96h后,对致病疫霉游动孢子释放的抑制率仍在80%以上,在室外避雨不避光条件下五倍子水悬浮液96h内抑菌效果无显著降低,表明日光的影响作用较小。在室内盆栽条件下,通过喷淋水滴模拟田间降雨对药液的冲刷作用。结果表明,冲刷作用可导致五倍子水悬浮液对马铃薯晚疫病的防效显著降低。进一步说明,降雨是导致五倍子水悬浮液对马铃薯晚疫病田间防治效果降低的主要气象因素。
The leaves of potato Bintje were sprayed with 4.0% gallnut water suspension. After different treatment time, the leaves were cut back and indoors were inoculated with P. infestans spore suspension. After moisturizing culture, the incidence of each treatment was investigated. The results showed that the disease index was only 7.41 and the control effect was 92.59% within 48h after spraying gallnut water suspension. The 96h inoculation resulted in rainfall in the field , Completely lost the control effect, the disease index of 100. The results of indoor toxicity test showed that the inhibition rate of P. aeruginosa zoospores was still above 80% after spraying with 0.4% gallnut water suspension for 96 hours, Within the antibacterial effect was not significantly reduced, indicating that the impact of sunlight is smaller. Under the condition of indoor potted plants, spraying water droplets simulated the scouring effect of the field liquid on the liquid. The results showed that the scouring effect could lead to a significant decrease of the control effect of gallnut aqueous suspension on potato late blight. Further, rainfall is the main meteorological factor leading to the decrease of the prevention and control effect of gallnut aqueous suspension against potato late blight in the field.