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三年的田间试验和高产示范表明 ,盛花结铃期棉花群体底层的光照强度占自然光照强度的百分数———底层透光率与籽棉产量的关系曲线为一元二次曲线 ,底层透光率可作为高产群体结构的主导检验指标。棉花中后期光照条件好的年份 (如 2 0 0 1年 ) ,盛花结铃期底层透光率以 3 1 %～ 3 5 %为宜 ;光、温条件正常的年份 (如 1 999年 ) ,以 5 %左右为宜 ,若底层透光率过低 ,下层叶片常处于光补偿点以下 ,叶片光合作用不能正常进行 ;若底层透光率过高 ,则漏光损失大 ,光能利用率低 ,净光合产物少 ,所以群体底层透光率过低或过高 ,籽棉产量均减产 ,且达到显著或极显著水平。本文讨论了以盛花结铃期棉花群体底层透光率作为高产群体结构主导检验指标及以此为指示指标 ,构建和调节棉花高产群体的可能性。
Three years of field trials and high-yield demonstration showed that the light intensity at the bottom of cotton climax in the flowering stage accounted for the percentage of natural light intensity --- the relationship between the bottom light transmittance and the seed cotton yield was a quadratic curve, the bottom light transmittance As the leading index of high-yield population structure. In the year with good light condition in the middle and later period of cotton (eg, 2001), the light transmittance of the bottom layer in the full-blossoming period is 31% -3 5%; the year with normal light and temperature conditions (eg, 1 999 years) About 5% is appropriate, if the bottom of the light transmittance is too low, the lower leaves are often below the light compensation point, leaf photosynthesis can not be normal; if the underlying light transmittance is too high, the light leakage loss, low light utilization, The net photosynthetic products less, so the bottom of the population light transmittance is too low or too high, seed cotton yield are reduced, and reached significant or very significant level. This paper discussed the possibility of constructing and regulating cotton high-yielding population by using the light transmittance of the bottom cotton layer as the dominant index of high-yield population structure and the indication index.