Unit 7 词语和句型考点归纳

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  【重点单词】
  1. rain v. & n.
  rain用作不可數名词时,意为“雨;雨水”;用作可数名词时,意为“一场雨”。
  rain还可用作动词,意为“下雨”。例如:
  It often rains here in summer. 这儿夏天经常下雨。
  【友情提示】 当rain作动词时,形容雨大、猛烈时用副词hard或heavily;当rain作名词时,形容雨大用形容词heavy,而不用big或large。例如:
  What a heavy rain. 好大的一场雨啊!
  It is raining heavily. 雨下得真大。
  【拓展】 rain也可加后缀-y变成形容词,意为“下雨的;多雨的”。例如:
  Its rainy outside. 外面正下着雨。
  此类由名词加-y构成形容词,表示天气的词还有:cloud (云)→cloudy (多云的);sun (太阳)→sunny (晴朗的);snow (雪)→snowy (下雪的);fog (雾)→foggy (多雾的)
  2. weather n.
  weather意为“天气”,是不可数名词,即使其前有形容词修饰,也不能用不定冠词。例如:
  Cats do not like cold weather. 猫不喜欢冷天。
  All depends upon the weather. 一切要看天气如何。
  【友情提示】 在表示“下雨、下雪”等自然现象时,一般用it作主语而不用the weather 作主语。例如:
  Its very likely to rain. 很可能会下雨。
  Its going to snow tonight. 今天晚上要下雪。
  但是,若表示天气的冷暖等,则两者都可用。例如:
  The weather / It is getting very hot. 天气热起来了。
  【拓展】 under the weather 是习语,意为“不舒服”。例如:
  He is / looks / feels under the weather. 他感觉有些不舒服。
  3. cook v. & n.
  cook用作及物或不及物动词时,意为“烹调;烧”;用作名词时,意为“厨师”。其现在分词为cooking,通常用词组do some cooking表示“做饭”。例如:
  Do you like cooking? 你喜欢做饭吗?
  I cook some potatoes for him. 我给他煮了一些土豆。
  【拓展】 cooker是名词,意为“炊具”。例如:
  Is your cooker gas-fired or electric? 你的炊具用煤气还是用电?
  4. problem n.
  problem意为“困难;难题”, 指说话者认为难以解决的问题,它与动词 solve或work out搭配使用。例如:
  They are discussing how to solve the problem. 他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。
  Can you work out this maths problem? 你能算出这道数学题吗?
  5. dry adj.
  dry意为“干燥的;无雨的”。例如:
  After these dry days, everyone hopes for rain. 干燥的天气之后,人人都希望下雨。
  【拓展】 dry用作动词时,意为“变干;把……弄干”。例如:
  I dry my hands and face with the towel. 我用毛巾擦干了双手和脸。
  6. hot adj.
  hot意为“热的;辛辣的”,可用于指事物、天气或人。例如:
  A bowl of hot chicken soup is good for you. 喝一碗热鸡汤对你有好处。
  This dish is a bit hot. 这道菜有些辣。
  7. cold adj.
  cold意为“冷的;寒冷的”,反义词为hot。例如:
  —Hows the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?
  —Its very cold. 很冷。
  【拓展】 cold用作名词时,意为“感冒”。例如:
  Put on your heavy clothes, or youll have a cold. 穿上你的厚衣服,否则你会感冒的。
  8. sit v.
  sit是不及物动词,意为“坐”。注意sit的现在分词形式为sitting。例如:
  Sit down, please. 请坐。
  The students are sitting at their desks. 学生们正坐在课桌旁。
  【拓展】 sit的名词形式为seat, 意为“座位”。例如:
  Have a seat, please. 请坐下。
  9. hard adj. & adv.
  (1) hard用作形容词时,意为“困难的;艰难的”。 例如:
  The problem is too hard, I cant work it out. 这个问题太难了,我算不出来。   (2) hard用作副词时,意为“努力地;刻苦地”。例如:
  He works hard only before exams. 他只在考试前努力学习。
  【拓展】 hardly是副词,意为“几乎不,简直不;刚刚”。例如:
  I can hardly express my gratitude to you for your help. 对于你的帮助,我几乎难以表达我的谢意。
  10. mountain n.
  mountain意为“山;山岳”, 其復数形式mountains 常表示“山脉”,通常指比hill大或陡峭的高山。例如:
  Its the highest mountain in the world. 它是世界上最高的山。
  【辨析】 hill 意为“小山;丘岭”。例如:
  The house stands on the top of the hill. 房子位于山顶上。
  11. skate v.
  skate既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,意为“溜冰;滑冰”。例如:
  In winter, many people skate on the lake. 冬天时,许多人在湖上溜冰。
  【拓展】 skate用作名词时,意为“溜冰鞋”。例如:
  He bought a pair of skates yesterday. 昨天他买了一双溜冰鞋。
  12. snowman n.
  snowman意为“雪人”,其复数形式为snowmen。常用make a snowman / make snowmen表示“堆雪人”。例如:
  I like to play in the snow and make a snowman in winter. 冬天我喜欢在雪地里玩耍和堆雪人。
  【短语链接】
  1. have a good / great time 玩得开心
  2. talk about 谈论 3. take a message for sb. 为某人捎口信 4. call sb. back 给某人回电话 5. no problem 没问题 6. right now 现在;立即;马上 7. visit some of my old friends 拜访我的一些老朋友 8. next month 下个月 9. take a photo of sb. 给某人照相 10. tell sb. to do sth.  告诉某人做某事
  【难句在线】
  1. Sounds like you are having a good time. 听起来你玩得很开心。
  句式解析: 这是一个省略句,相当于It sounds like you are...。英语中It sounds like ... 和It sounds ...句型近似, 都表示“听起来……; 听上去……”。 这种省略的用法十分口语化,在日常口语交际中时常可以见到。 如:
  It sounds / Sounds like hes all right now. 听起来他现在病已经好了。
  It sounds / Sounds like you had a good time on your trip. 听起来你旅行玩得很开心。
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