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目的探讨个体化健康教育对耐多药肺结核患者的影响。方法将2013年8月—12月间住院的50例耐多药肺结核患者随机分成两组,25例为对照组给予常规健康教育,25例作为观察组进行个体化健康教育。采用自行设计卷,评价健康教育效果,问卷回收率100%。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果入院时,观察组掌握规范全程治疗知识人数为12%,36%的患者懂得生活调理和锻炼方法,40%的患者能获得心理、情感支持;对照组掌握规范全程治疗知识人数为16%,32%的患者懂得生活调理和锻炼方法,44%的患者能获得心理、情感支持,观察组和对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。个体化健康教育后,观察组掌握规范全程治疗知识人数为100%,96%的患者懂得生活调理和锻炼方法,92%的患者能获得心理、情感支持;对照组掌握规范全程治疗知识人数为68%,64%的患者懂得生活调理和锻炼方法,52%的患者能获得心理、情感支持,观察组和对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的安全感、满意度、被尊重感明显提升。结论个体化健康教育可以显著提高对相关知识的掌握、耐多药肺结核患者的生存质量、规范治疗依从性、心理舒适度,有利于耐多药结核病的有效控制,值得在临床上推广实施。
Objective To explore the impact of individualized health education on patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Fifty patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis who were hospitalized from August 2013 to December 2013 were randomly divided into two groups. 25 patients were given routine health education in the control group and 25 patients in the observation group were individualized health education. Use self-designed volume, evaluation of health education effect, questionnaire recovery rate of 100%. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results At the time of admission, the observation group had 12% knowledge of the whole treatment knowledge, and 36% of the patients knew about the life conditioning and exercise methods. 40% of the patients received psychological and emotional support. The control group had 16% Thirty-two percent of patients knew about lifestyle conditioning and exercise methods, while 44% got psychological and emotional support. There was no significant difference between observation group and control group (P> 0.05). After the individualized health education, the observation group had 100% knowledge of the whole treatment knowledge, and 96% of the patients knew the life conditioning and exercise methods. 92% of the patients got the psychological and emotional support. The control group had 68 %, 64% of patients understand the method of life conditioning and exercise, 52% of patients have psychological and emotional support, the difference between the observation group and the control group was statistically significant (P <0.05). Observation group patients with a sense of security, satisfaction, sense of esteem was significantly improved. Conclusion Individualized health education can significantly improve the mastery of related knowledge, the quality of life of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, standardize treatment compliance and psychological comfort, which is conducive to the effective control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. It is worth to be popularized clinically.