行政决策的正确与否,关系到整个行政管理活动的成败。从逻辑学角度,行政决策是一种逻辑思维过程。我们要想取得决策的成功,就必须使这种严密的逻辑思维程序排除心理上的种种障碍因素的干扰,以实现行政决策的最优化目标。 一、为避免行政决策失误,要克服影响决策的各种心理因素 首先,行政决策者要有主见,防止从众心理。在行政决策中,决策者要吸收“古德门中庸定理”的合理内核,以避免决策出现心理偏差。一般说来,选择竞争目标往往不是一两个人的事,需要集思广益,才能达到择优目的。有些行政部门参与决策的人较多,当遇到意见分歧议而不决时,往往采用表决的方法,抉择由“少数服从多数”得出。其实,这种方法如无特殊情况基本上是不可取的,付诸表决有时可能导致逻辑矛盾。事实上, The correctness of administrative decisions relates to the success or failure of the entire administrative activities. From a logic point of view, administrative decision-making is a logical process of thinking. If we want to make the success of our decision-making, we must make the strict logical thinking process obviate the psychological obstacles to achieve the goal of the optimization of administrative decision-making. First, in order to avoid mistakes in administrative decision-making, we must overcome the various psychological factors that affect decision-making. First, administrative decision-makers should take the initiative and prevent public psychology. In the administrative decision-making, policymakers should absorb the reasonable core of “Golden Mean Principle” in order to avoid psychological deviation in decision-making. In general, choosing a competitive goal is often not a matter of one or two people, need to brainstorm in order to achieve the purpose of selection. Some administrations have a lot of people who participate in decision-making. When they disagree with each other’s opinions, they often adopt the method of voting. The choice is made by the “majority”. In fact, this kind of method is basically not desirable if there is no special situation. Putting it on a ballot may sometimes lead to logical contradictions. In fact,