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目的通过调查掌握宁波市青少年目前龋齿发病情况及影响因素,并根据实际情况提出相关干预措施,以有效地预防青少年龋齿的发生,保障口腔健康。方法抽查宁波市2012年10月-2015年10月2 166例青少年人群作为此次调查对象,并免费进行检查,按照WHO龋齿诊断标准对青少年人群进行口腔检查,并通过问卷调查了解龋齿发病因素。结果通过调查发现,青少年龋齿发病人数为1 399例,占64.6%;女生发病率高于男生(P<0.05)。此次调查中,男女恒牙龋患病率及龋均明显低于乳牙,男女恒牙龋补率明显高于乳牙,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12岁人群龋齿患病率及龋均明显高于14岁与16岁青少年组,且14岁组明显高于16岁组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);然嗜糖、偶尔刷牙或不刷牙是致其发生龋齿的主要因素。结论为有效预防青少年龋齿发生,应加强口腔卫生知识宣传教育,教育青少年养成良好的口腔卫生习惯,以消除致病因素。各级口腔防治医疗机构还需根据宁波市青少年龋齿患病特征寻找相关致病因素,以制定切实合理的防治措施,由学校、家长共同配合,及早实施干预,以取得良好的预防效果。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental caries and its influencing factors among young people in Ningbo City through surveys and to put forward relevant interventions according to the actual conditions so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of dental caries in young people and ensure the oral health. Methods A total of 2,166 young adolescents from Ningbo City from October 2012 to October 2015 were selected as the survey subjects and were examined for free. Oral examination was performed on adolescents according to the diagnostic criteria of WHO dental caries. The incidence of dental caries was analyzed by questionnaire. Results The survey found that the incidence of dental caries in adolescents was 1 399 cases, accounting for 64.6%. The incidence of girls was higher than that of boys (P <0.05). In this survey, the prevalence and caries of permanent caries in both men and women were significantly lower than that of deciduous teeth, the caries completion rate of male and female permanent teeth was significantly higher than that of deciduous teeth, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) Caries were significantly higher than the 14-year-old and 16-year-old adolescent group, and 14-year-old group was significantly higher than the 16-year-old group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); major factor. Conclusion In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of dental caries in adolescents, oral hygiene education should be strengthened to educate young people to develop good oral health habits so as to eliminate pathogenic factors. At all levels of oral prevention and treatment of medical institutions should also be based on the prevalence of dental caries in Ningbo City, looking for relevant risk factors to develop effective and reasonable prevention and control measures, schools, parents work together to implement intervention as soon as possible in order to achieve good preventive effect.