肖像在绘画史上占有重要地位。在宗教时代,作为信仰和偶像崇拜的对象,肖像具有神圣性。耶稣受难的肖像象征着原罪、救赎与彼岸世界;圣母肖像则让人看到了纯洁、无私与大爱;宗教肖像有着穿透心灵的力量,它剥离了肉身性和肉体欲望,是纯粹精神性的对象。当社会由宗教时代向世俗权力时代过渡后,肖像也由神性崇高之物转变为权力、富贵的尊享之物,普世的公共 Portrait in the history of painting occupies an important position. In religious times, portraits are sacred as objects of worship and idol worship. The portrayal of Jesus’ crucifix symbolizes sin, salvation and the other side of the world; the portraits of the Virgin reveal purity, selflessness and love; religious portraits have the power to penetrate the heart, which strips the flesh and the fleshly desires into pure spirituality Object After the social transition from the religious era to the secular power era, the portraits have also been transformed from the lofty things of the divine being into the power, the valuable enjoyment, the universal public