人们非常熟悉恩格斯的一个著名论断:“一个民族想要站在科学的最高峰,就一刻也不能没有理论思维。”我们纵观科学史、思想史和哲学史,确实看到了恩格斯这一论断的正确性。差不多每一个时代站在科学高峰的国家、民族,也都是有发达的思想文化和哲学的国家、民族,以至于我们现在来研究他们的历史时,无法把当时的科学发展与哲学成就分开。这不单单是一个或一些国家的状况,整个世界各国各族人民在其文明发展历程中,都无例外地体现出理论思维、哲学思想对科学发展的这种不可忽视的重要关系。因此,正确科学地认识这种关系,才能正确理解人类的文明史,这是就历史而言;但更重要的是这种认识还是正 People are very familiar with Engels’s famous thesis: “If a nation wants to stand on the highest point of science, it can not ignore theoretical thinking for a moment.” Looking at the history of science, ideology and philosophy, we indeed see the conclusion of Engels Correctness The countries and nations standing at the peak of science in almost every era are also countries and nations that have developed ideology, culture and philosophy so that when we study their history now, we can not separate the then scientific development from the philosophical achievement. This is not simply the state of one or some countries. The people of all nationalities throughout the world, in the course of their civilization and development, have all shown, without exception, the important and important relationship that can not be ignored in the development of science through theoretical thinking and philosophical thinking. Therefore, if we correctly and scientifically understand this relationship, we can correctly understand the history of human civilization, which is history. But more importantly, this understanding is still positive