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本文讨论了单层和多层结构电磁波吸收材料电磁参数优化设计的数学模型,反射损耗作为目标函数的性质和数值计算方法。对单层、金属衬底情况作了理论分析和优化计算。证明单纯的电吸收和单纯的磁吸收都很难得到宽带高吸收率,保持ε_r′≈μ_r′、tanδε≈anδμ可以实现阻抗匹配,增加这些参数的值可以提高材料的吸收能力,单独增加复介电常数及复磁导率的实部或虚部并不总能改善吸波性能,但提高材料介电损耗角正切和磁损耗角正切对提高吸波性能是关键的。文中对多层结构吸波材料也进行了优化计算,给出了几组结果,证明合理的电匹配并不一定在“阻抗渐变过渡”情况下得到。
This paper discusses the mathematical model of electromagnetic parameters optimization design of single-layer and multi-layer structure electromagnetic wave absorption materials, the properties of the reflection loss as the objective function and the numerical calculation method. The single layer, the metal substrate made a theoretical analysis and optimization calculation. It is proved that it is difficult to obtain the broadband high absorptance by pure electric absorption and pure magnetic absorption. It can keep impedance matching by keeping ε_r’≈μ_r ’and tanδε≈anδμ. Increasing the value of these parameters can improve the absorption capacity of material, The real or imaginary part of the electrical constants and permeability does not always improve the absorbing performance, but increasing the dielectric loss tangent and the magnetic loss tangent is crucial for improving the absorbing properties. In this paper, the multi-layer structure of absorbing material has also been optimized and calculated, giving several sets of results to prove that a reasonable electrical matching is not necessarily “impedance gradient transition” case.