目的：评价I期一侧后入路保留椎板切除C1/2神经鞘膜瘤的解剖学特点及疗效。方法2009年1月至2014年1月对符合以下手术指征患者行I期单侧后入路保留椎板切除C1/2神经鞘膜瘤：（1）硬膜外占位；（2）经C1/2椎板间隙偏一侧向外生长；（3）具备神经鞘膜瘤影像学特征。共收治该类患者9例（男5例，女4例，平均年龄47.2岁，25至74岁）。收集颈椎JOA评分、术后轴性痛发生率、影像学特点、手术时间、出血量、并发症、末次随访颈椎侧位片寰齿前间隙等临床资料，经随访后予以分析总结。结果9例病例均得以随访，随访时间6至48个月，平均20个月。未出现复发病例，未出现颈椎失稳以及术后轴性疼痛病例，末次随访寰齿前间隙均小于2 mm。有神经功能损害的8例患者术前JOA评分(11.3±1.64)，末次随访JOA评分(15.4±0.70)，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论术前通过MRI判断上颈椎肿瘤类型，对符合手术指征的患者行I期单侧后入路保留椎板切除上颈椎神经鞘膜瘤，术后疗效确切，可避免术后轴性痛，预后良好。“,”Objective To evaluate clinical outcomes and anatomy of single-stage one-side lamina retaining posterior approach for resection of C1/2 schwannoma. Methods From Jan 2009 to Jan 2014, C1/2 schwannoma cases admitted in our department were selected according to following indication:(1) Epidural tumor;(2) lateral growth pattern which went through C1/2 lamina space;(3) the diagnosis of schwannoma was suggested by MRI. 9 cases were collected, among which 5 were male and 4 female, and whose average age was 47.2 y (25~74 y). JOA score, radiological images, operative time, bleeding amount, complications and atlanto-dental interval of lateral cervical X-ray picture at last follow-up were recorded and analyzed. Results All cases were successfully followed up for 6 to 48 month, with an average of 20 months. There was no recurrence, cervical instability and post-operative axial pain reported. At last follow-up, all of the atlanto-dental intervals were less than 2mm. Pre-operative JOA score was improved from 11.3 ± 1.64 to 15.4 ± 0.70 at the final follow-up of 8 neurologically impaired patients, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion MRI should be used to recognize the tumor pre-operatively. After careful patient selection, the single-stage one-side lamina retaining posterior approach for resection of upper cervical schwannoma has a satisfied clinical outcome, few complications and good prognosis.