我们来介绍一下没有水银的情况下用简单的装置来检验气态方程。装置的主要部分是内径为3—5毫米的 L 形玻璃管,它的弯曲部分长约20—30毫米(见图1),并把它固定在具有毫米的刻度尺上(尺最好是金属的)。在玻璃管的两端各套上一段带夹具的橡皮管1和2。在玻璃管中移入少量的带红色的水(水柱长约5厘米)。实验工作按下列步骤来完成。将 L 形管的水平部分浸入盛有凉水的水槽内。打开夹具1并测出 L_1的长度和空气柱 h_1的高度[见图2(1)]。然后再测出水的温 Let us introduce a simple device to test the gaseous equation without mercury. The main part of the device is an L-shaped glass tube with an inside diameter of 3-5 mm. Its curved part is about 20-30 mm long (see Figure 1) and it is fixed on a scale with millimeters (the ruler is preferably metal of). A rubber pipe 1 and 2 with a clamp are put on each end of the glass tube. A small amount of reddish water (about 5 cm in length) was transferred to the glass tube. The experimental work is done in the following steps. Dip the horizontal section of the L-tube into a cold water tank. Open fixture 1 and measure the length of L_1 and the height of air column h_1 [see Figure 2(1)]. Then measure the temperature of the water