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[目的]了解北京市部分医院放射工作者主要职业健康问题,为放射工作人员的职业健康监护提供基础数据。[方法]对3 184名医源性放射工作人员的职业健康检查结果(包括临床和实验室检查结果)进行分析。[结果]男性放射工作人员血压、红细胞、血红蛋白、腹部B超、肝功能、肾功能、血糖、心电图、胸片异常率高于女性(P<0.01或0.05),女性血小板、白细胞尿液异常率高于男性(P<0.01);郊区组、三级以下医院组临床检查、实验室检查结果中有多个项目异常率高于市区及三级医院组(P<0.01或0.05);随着年龄的增加,放射工作人员大部分临床检查、实验室检查结果异常率有升高趋势(P<0.01或0.05),随着工龄增加,放射工作人员大部分临床检查结果、部分实验室检查结果异常率有升高趋势(P<0.01或0.05);随着年龄和放射工龄的增加,晶状体异常(浑浊)率有升高趋势(P<0.01),男性、郊区、三级以下医院的放射工作人员异常率较高(P<0.01);各组淋巴细胞微核异常率均处于较低水平。[结论]应加强放射工作人员,尤其是基层医院的辐射安全防护工作;对该群体的慢性疾病要引起足够重视,针对不同人群进行不同的健康干预,敦促他们改变不良工作、生活习惯,加强身体锻炼,改善健康状态。
[Objective] To understand the major occupational health problems of radiation workers in some hospitals in Beijing and provide basic data for the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers. [Methods] The occupational health examination results (including clinical and laboratory test results) of 3 184 iatrogenic workers were analyzed. [Results] The abnormal rates of blood pressure, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, abdominal B ultrasound, liver function, renal function, blood glucose, electrocardiogram and chest radiograph were higher in male radiographers than in women (P <0.01 or 0.05) (P <0.01). In the suburban group, the abnormal rates of clinical examination and laboratory examination in multiple hospitals in the suburban group were higher than those in the urban and tertiary hospitals (P <0.01 or 0.05) The majority of radiologists ’clinical examination and abnormal laboratory test results showed an increasing trend with age (P <0.01 or 0.05). With the increase of seniority, the majority of radiologists’ clinical examination results and some laboratory tests were abnormal (P <0.01 or 0.05). With the increase of age and radiation length of service, the rate of lens abnormalities (turbidity) increased (P <0.01). Radiation workers in the hospitals of suburb, The abnormal rate was higher (P <0.01). The abnormal rates of lymphocyte micronucleus in each group were all at a low level. [Conclusion] Radiation workers should be strengthened, especially grass-roots hospitals should be strengthened radiation protection work; the group of chronic diseases should pay enough attention to different groups for different health interventions, urging them to change the bad work habits and enhance physical Exercise, improve health status.